Elderberry (Sambucus nigra) is a dark purple berry rich in anthocyanins and flavonoids that support immune function. Available in capsules, gummies, syrups, and liquid extracts, elderberry is one of Australia's most popular natural immune supplements. Clinical trials show elderberry may reduce the duration and severity of colds and flu by up to 4 days.
How it works
Elderberry contains anthocyanins (cyanidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3-sambubioside) and flavonoids that may inhibit viral entry and replication. It also stimulates cytokine production, enhancing the immune response. The berries are rich in vitamins A, B, and C, plus potassium and iron.
Evidence-based uses
May reduce cold and flu duration and severity. Not for autoimmune conditions.
Clinical Evidence
Meta-analysis of 4 RCTs found elderberry supplementation significantly reduced upper respiratory symptom duration and severity compared to placebo.
Elderberry extract (Sambucol) reduced flu duration by an average of 4 days compared to placebo. Symptoms were relieved 3-4 days earlier in the elderberry group. Significantly more patients in the elderberry group were completely symptom-free by day 3.
Analysis of 4 clinical trials found elderberry supplementation substantially reduced upper respiratory symptoms. Effect was larger for flu cases (Hedges g = -0.77) than common cold (Hedges g = -0.36). Elderberry was effective for both prevention and treatment.
Long-haul air travellers taking elderberry capsules (600-900 mg daily) for 10 days before travel had significantly shorter cold duration (4 vs 7 days) and less severe symptoms. The study suggests elderberry may be particularly useful for immune stress from travel.
Laboratory study demonstrated that elderberry juice inhibited multiple strains of influenza virus including H1N1 through direct binding to viral particles. The anti-viral activity was attributed to flavonoid compounds including cyanidin-3-glucoside and cyanidin-3-sambubioside.
Safety
Elderberry stimulates the immune system and may counteract immunosuppressant medications used after organ transplants or for autoimmune conditions. Avoid combination.
Elderberry may lower blood sugar levels. When combined with diabetes medications (metformin, insulin, sulfonylureas), it may cause blood sugar to drop too low. Monitor blood glucose closely if combining.
Elderberry has mild diuretic properties. Combining with prescribed diuretics may increase fluid loss and electrolyte imbalance. Stay well hydrated and monitor electrolyte levels.
Elderberry and vitamin C both support immune function through different mechanisms. Combining them is generally safe and may provide complementary immune benefits. Many commercial products combine both.
Compare prices
4 products compared across Australian retailers. Sorted by price per serve.
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| Product | Price | /serve | |
|---|---|---|---|
Best NOW Foods Elderberry 500 mg, 120 Veg Capsules iHerb | $16.99 | $0.14 | |
Nature's Way Sambucus Elderberry 1150 mg, 100 Vegan Capsules iHerb | $19.99 | $0.20 | |
Gaia Herbs Black Elderberry 60 Vegan Capsules iHerb | $24.99 | $0.42 | |
Nature's Way Nature's Way Sambucus Elderberry 60 Gummies iHerb | $26.95 | $0.45 |
Prices in AUD. Some links are affiliate links — we may earn a commission at no extra cost to you.
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Elderberry has 4 known interactions. Check if it's safe with your medications.
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This information is for educational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. Always consult a healthcare professional before starting any supplement. Evidence ratings are based on peer-reviewed clinical research. Individual results may vary.